# Copyright (C) 2004-2019 by # Aric Hagberg # Dan Schult # Pieter Swart # All rights reserved. # BSD license. # # Author: Aric Hagberg (hagberg@lanl.gov), # Pieter Swart (swart@lanl.gov), # Dan Schult(dschult@colgate.edu) """View of Graphs as SubGraph, Reverse, Directed, Undirected. In some algorithms it is convenient to temporarily morph a graph to exclude some nodes or edges. It should be better to do that via a view than to remove and then re-add. In other algorithms it is convenient to temporarily morph a graph to reverse directed edges, or treat a directed graph as undirected, etc. This module provides those graph views. The resulting views are essentially read-only graphs that report data from the orignal graph object. We provide an attribute G._graph which points to the underlying graph object. Note: Since graphviews look like graphs, one can end up with view-of-view-of-view chains. Be careful with chains because they become very slow with about 15 nested views. For the common simple case of node induced subgraphs created from the graph class, we short-cut the chain by returning a subgraph of the original graph directly rather than a subgraph of a subgraph. We are careful not to disrupt any edge filter in the middle subgraph. In general, determining how to short-cut the chain is tricky and much harder with restricted_views than with induced subgraphs. Often it is easiest to use .copy() to avoid chains. """ from networkx.classes.coreviews import UnionAdjacency, UnionMultiAdjacency, \ FilterAtlas, FilterAdjacency, FilterMultiAdjacency from networkx.classes.filters import no_filter from networkx.exception import NetworkXError from networkx.utils import not_implemented_for import networkx as nx __all__ = ['generic_graph_view', 'subgraph_view', 'reverse_view'] def generic_graph_view(G, create_using=None): if create_using is None: newG = G.__class__() else: newG = nx.empty_graph(0, create_using) if G.is_multigraph() != newG.is_multigraph(): raise NetworkXError("Multigraph for G must agree with create_using") newG = nx.freeze(newG) # create view by assigning attributes from G newG._graph = G newG.graph = G.graph newG._node = G._node if newG.is_directed(): if G.is_directed(): newG._succ = G._succ newG._pred = G._pred newG._adj = G._succ else: newG._succ = G._adj newG._pred = G._adj newG._adj = G._adj elif G.is_directed(): if G.is_multigraph(): newG._adj = UnionMultiAdjacency(G._succ, G._pred) else: newG._adj = UnionAdjacency(G._succ, G._pred) else: newG._adj = G._adj return newG def subgraph_view(G, filter_node=no_filter, filter_edge=no_filter): """ View of `G` applying a filter on nodes and edges. `subgraph_view` provides a read-only view of the input graph that excludes nodes and edges based on the outcome of two filter functions `filter_node` and `filter_edge`. The `filter_node` function takes one argument --- the node --- and returns `True` if the node should be included in the subgraph, and `False` if it should not be included. The `filter_edge` function takes two arguments --- the nodes describing an edge --- and returns `True` if the edge should be included in the subgraph, and `False` if it should not be included. Both node and edge filter functions are called on graph elements as they are queried, meaning there is no up-front cost to creating the view. Parameters ---------- G : networkx.Graph A directed/undirected graph/multigraph filter_node : callable, optional A function taking a node as input, which returns `True` if the node should appear in the view. filter_edge : callable, optional A function taking as input the two nodes describing an edge, which returns `True` if the edge should appear in the view. Returns ------- graph : networkx.Graph A read-only graph view of the input graph. Examples -------- >>> import networkx as nx >>> G = nx.path_graph(6) Filter functions operate on the node, and return `True` if the node should appear in the view: >>> def filter_node(n1): ... return n1 != 5 ... >>> view = nx.subgraph_view( ... G, ... filter_node=filter_node ... ) >>> view.nodes() NodeView((0, 1, 2, 3, 4)) We can use a closure pattern to filter graph elements based on additional data --- for example, filtering on edge data attached to the graph: >>> G[3][4]['cross_me'] = False >>> def filter_edge(n1, n2): ... return G[n1][n2].get('cross_me', True) ... >>> view = nx.subgraph_view( ... G, ... filter_edge=filter_edge ... ) >>> view.edges() EdgeView([(0, 1), (1, 2), (2, 3), (4, 5)]) >>> view = nx.subgraph_view( ... G, ... filter_node=filter_node, ... filter_edge=filter_edge, ... ) >>> view.nodes() NodeView((0, 1, 2, 3, 4)) >>> view.edges() EdgeView([(0, 1), (1, 2), (2, 3)]) """ newG = nx.freeze(G.__class__()) newG._NODE_OK = filter_node newG._EDGE_OK = filter_edge # create view by assigning attributes from G newG._graph = G newG.graph = G.graph newG._node = FilterAtlas(G._node, filter_node) if G.is_multigraph(): Adj = FilterMultiAdjacency def reverse_edge(u, v, k): return filter_edge(v, u, k) else: Adj = FilterAdjacency def reverse_edge(u, v): return filter_edge(v, u) if G.is_directed(): newG._succ = Adj(G._succ, filter_node, filter_edge) newG._pred = Adj(G._pred, filter_node, reverse_edge) newG._adj = newG._succ else: newG._adj = Adj(G._adj, filter_node, filter_edge) return newG @not_implemented_for('undirected') def reverse_view(G): """ View of `G` with edge directions reversed `reverse_view` returns a read-only view of the input graph where edge directions are reversed. Identical to digraph.reverse(copy=False) Parameters ---------- G : networkx.DiGraph Returns ------- graph : networkx.DiGraph Examples -------- >>> import networkx as nx >>> G = nx.DiGraph() >>> G.add_edge(1, 2) >>> G.add_edge(2, 3) >>> G.edges() OutEdgeView([(1, 2), (2, 3)]) >>> view = nx.reverse_view(G) >>> view.edges() OutEdgeView([(2, 1), (3, 2)]) """ newG = generic_graph_view(G) newG._succ, newG._pred = G._pred, G._succ newG._adj = newG._succ return newG